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Election Grab Bag

Every day we choose our preferred alternatives out of the flood of possibilities. It starts when we wake up and decide to jump out of bed or stay in bed for another five minutes. In the day, we choose from many private and commercial offers, the ones we prefer. As long as we can afford them, we have no problem. Now let’s imagine that we buy a new jacket. When paying we find out that we get a completely different one. Upon inquiry, the person behind the register explains that the colleagues have agreed to give us a different one. What’s going on here?

An election should always be free of influences, observations, and inequality. If this is not the case, this act becomes a farce. The same applies to democratic elections. At least two alternatives are required for a ballot. That way is how people and parties are selected to represent the electorate in certain offices. The fragmented opinions leads in Germany to an increasing number of parties. It results in a majority not being capable of governing – unlike in the USA, where are only two parties choose. Consequently, coalitions capable of reigning are formed AFTER the election – regardless of the voters’ verdict.

  • Coalitions as late as AFTER the election
    Parties are elected. They promise their election program beforehand, which would be fulfilled at best if they would get the majority. The major parties in Germany only have enough for 20 to 30%. To offer the voter the alternatives for the election, the coalitions with their compromises would also have to stand for election. Only then would voters be sure that they would be involved in the politics of the following four years.
  • The final agreements
    Since the coalition agreement is negotiated afterward, voters cast their ballots for a grab bag. It is true that the partners in a coalition bring their programs to the negotiations and draw up a contract that lasts for the duration of the legislature. However, shortened compromises are agreed. They release the elected people from the promises made before the election. The electorate can act on them not until four years later unless they get again blinded by new promises. Additional agreements are negotiated tit-for-tat during the legislative session. After the election, the electorate no longer influences the parties. For the duration, they become independent in the style of classical sovereigns.
  • Big coalition – minor opposition
    The more percentages a coalition gathers behind itself, the more freedom it has. As soon as it brings more than three-quarters of the votes together, the result is that debates no longer take place in parliament but only within the government. In the big coalition, the alliance of the two largest parties was already sufficient to undermine parliament. This parallel society has the power because the parliamentary regulations no longer work. Parliament is not anymore part of the struggle for solutions.
  • Line whip replaces responsibility to the electorate
    Despite the principle of the free mandate that binds members of parliament only to their conscience, the members of a party follow the guidelines of their executive committee. Although voters select their representatives according to their attitudes, these qualities are lost in parliament. The line whip demands from the deputies to subordinate themselves to the party policy of the executive committee.

Bottom line: Politicians like to draw our attention to the “threatening” influences of the internet, the “fringe” parties, and the apparent problems in society – such as economic development, wind turbines, immigration, compulsory vaccinations, and masks. That way, they distract from the real issues with democracy. The electorate no longer has control over their parliaments. The parliamentarians pursue their agendas:

1) to get elected; 2) to implement party policies; 3) to serve their stakeholders.

An election thus becomes a grab bag. Only after the votes are counted, the governing coalitions are negotiated behind closed doors without the electorate. The electorate lacks the alternatives because the coalition programs have not even been negotiated before the election. In addition, the binding agreements become the maximum program for the government – no more. With a majority, the coalition can govern without considering the needs of the entire parliament. Decisions are negotiated within the coalition. In addition, the hidden factional coercion leads to the release of any responsibility of the delegates. Power is assumed by party executives and their representatives in negotiated ministries. The people’s representatives have thus found ways to govern, regardless of the will of the voters. With today’s sizes of parties, an election in Germany becomes a grab bag, the contents of which only become visible after the election is over and coalitions have been found and negotiated.

The eye also votes

Latest at election time, politicians move into the spotlight. Now parties introduce themselves to the voters with their agendas and candidates. So that electorates don’t get upset after the election by false promises, beforehand as few promises as possible are made. However, one factor becomes reliably visible before voting – the body language of the candidates. Facial expressions, in particular, reveal the person behind the political facade. Mimic art is hard to control. The exceptions are actors and politicians.

Paul Ekman has described the emotions with general criteria, the Facial Action Coding System. With the FACS, we can recognize the facial expressions of the seven basic emotions – anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. The feelings that are the most obvious are debunking. However, we do not understand these expressions until we know the reasons.

  • Anger
    arises when unjust, threatening, or obstructive circumstances happen. They disappoint, discourage people, and trigger stress hormones. As a result, the heartbeat and the blood pressure rise. The eyebrows are drawn together. The eyelids tighten, and the upper lid raises. The lips are pressed together.
    As soon as someone is angry, the situation should be calmed down. You can react in a friendly way, separate the problem from people, and identify the cause of the anger (Question: What makes you angry?).
  • Disgust
    exists because something makes you sick or is rejected. This reflex leads to physical reactions such as cramps in the digestive tract and nausea. Accordingly, the nose is wrinkled, the upper lip and the chin are raised, and the corners of the mouth and cheeks are lowered. Disgust is a learned reflex that protects us from inedible food. Sometimes it is transferred to circumstances that repel one so strongly that the body reacts unconsciously.
    The cause should be removed and the focus diverted to counter disgust. Identify the reasons for the aversion (Question: What bothers you?) and redirect the attention in another direction.
  • Fear
    occurs when someone feels threatened. It happens because of a vague feeling, fear of something, in a dangerous situation, or because of a chronic mental illness. Fear is a physical response to a threatening situation that has ensured survival since the early stages of evolution. Humans become more aware of the environment. The heart rate rises. Breathing becomes shallower and quickens. Digestion is inhibited, and nausea and dizziness occur. The eyes widen. The eyelids and lips tighten. The eyebrows are raised and tighten. The jaw drops and the corners of the mouth are drawn outward. The gaze settles frozen on the threat.
    People can prepare for scary circumstances by deliberately exposing themselves to them: Petting dogs, riding elevators, speaking in front of people. In a threatening situation, calm breathing and prepared thinking or imperceptibly uttering your magical formulas help – “I-can-Like-always-Now”. As soon as you notice fear, interrupt the ongoing action. Reassure the person – “It’s okay – We’ll take a break – Deep breaths in and out.”
  • Surprises
    appear out of nowhere. Due to unexpected events, intense feelings, or other unforeseen perceptions, spontaneous behavior and exclamations are triggered. The respective temper, the current mood and attentiveness have a strong influence on it. Our injured convictions lead to (un)pleasant feelings as far as fears. The eyes open wide, the eyebrows raise and the jaw drops.
    As soon as someone reacts dumbfounded, it is advisable to find out which mental models have been violated. A negative response indicates injured values. Positive feedback points to preferences and needs that, once understood, can contribute to a conducive anchoring of circumstances.
  • Happiness
    occurs when something pleasant or beneficial happens or is remembered. The raised corners of the mouth and cheeks and narrowed eyes are clear signals of “public” happiness. “Non-public” pleasure is recognized by a relaxed facial expression.
    As soon as someone is happy, this has a stimulating effect on those around. In The Secret, the Law of Attraction is used to describe how a joyful attitude results in better interpersonal ­relationships, health, and other effects in our lives. Typically, happiness does not require a response. However, if someone does not respond appropriately to events, you should determine the reasons – a joke usually creates laughter or at least a smile.
  • Sadness
    is caused by undesirable circumstances such as death, illness, and unfulfilled desires. Contracted, centric wrinkles between the eyebrows, drooping corners of the mouth, a slightly raised chin, shallow breathing, and an inward gaze are indicators.
    As soon as you notice sadness, leave it to the mourners to act out their feelings. They need time to go through the stages of despair (e.g., shock, controlling emotions, withdrawal, coping, and acceptance of fate). Show reserved compassion with attentiveness and sympathy.
  • Contempt
    arises when persons, groups, or institutions violate (un)conscious beliefs. This leads to disregard, reject, or aggressively degrade the addressees. It works top-down and vice versa. The disdain becomes visible in drooping eyelids, a fixed gaze, and otherwise one-sided facial expressions: lips raised, corner of the mouth dropped and pressed inwards, cheek slightly raised.
    The target of the contempt is not immediately apparent. For this reason, the cause should be determined. Possibly the person condemns itself, its counterpart, someone else, or a previous incident. Avoid unconsciously mirroring this feeling. Remain friendly, do not respond to personal accusations, and find out the reason for the contempt (Question: What bothers you?).

Bottom line: Body language is direct access to the state of mind of people. Even though some actors can consciously express certain emotions, small signals cannot be intentionally influenced. We can recognize anger, disgust, fear, surprise, happiness, sadness, and contempt. However, we still do not know what the reasons for these emotions are. In elections, it is difficult to get to the bottom of the inner life of the candidates. Politicians are prepared to create a specific impression. Interviews are debunking in these cases – especially when questioners ask awkward questions and reveal unwanted feelings. The most apparent poses are especially unmasking because they reveal essential traits of the person. In the end, the eye also votes.